Investigation of hydrochemical characteristic, water quality and associated health risks of metals and metalloids in water resources in the vicinity of Akamkpa quarry district, southeastern, Nigeria

Ikpi, George E.; Nganje, Therese N.; Edet, Aniekan; Adamu, Christopher I.; Eyong, Godswill A.

doi:10.1186/s12932-024-00090-y

Table 3 Summary of physiochemical data of water in the study area

From: Investigation of hydrochemical characteristic, water quality and associated health risks of metals and metalloids in water resources in the vicinity of Akamkpa quarry district, southeastern, Nigeria

Parameter & unit	Pond				Stream				Well				Borehole				Sw control	Gw control
Parameter & unit	Mean	Min	Max	SD	Mean	Min	Max	SD	Mean	Min	Max	SD	Mean	Min	Max	SD	Sw control	Gw control
Temp (^oC)	29.7	28.4	29.9	0.93	29.4	28	30.2	0.76	29.4	28	31.4	0.96	29.6	28.4	30.4	0.97	28.19	27.8
EC (µScm⁻¹)	157.4	55.7	468	127.8	89.98	18.74	120.9	50.78	118.9	18.7	295	94.81	138	55.7	196.6	117.7	146.37	232
pH	4.73	4.14	5.22	0.48	4.59	1.2	4.1	0.3	4.93	4.21	6.21	0.61	4.63	4.28	5.22	0.37	5.77	6.5
DO (mg/l)	2.54	2	4.6	0.81	2.21	11.2	24.05	1.08	2.42	1.05	4.4	1.15	2.33	2	3	0.5	4.75	4.7
THard.(mg/l)	8.9	4.62	18.4	5.07	7.51	10.3	96.9	5.83	10.38	3.21	34.5	8.11	7.87	4.01	18.43	4.08	40.3	78.4
TDS (mg/l)	86.5	36.7	257.4	70.32	45.91	12.9	106.2	28.39	65.42	10.3	162.3	52.15	75.87	30.6	108.1	64.73	321.8	102
HCO3 (mg/l)	82.5	44.9	269.4	62.27	69.53	44.8	89.8	19.55	91.06	44.8	179.6	45.56	63.83	44.9	102.5	20.6	0.0439	0.0415
NO3 (mg/l)	0.45	0.11	1,23	0.39	0.29	0.11	0.81	0.2	0.36	0.05	2.2	0.46	0.49	0.11	1.23	0.39	0.00031	0.00002
Cl (mg/l)	59.09	27	160	41.36	20.36	9	70	18.22	36.53	2	130	34.92	53	27	160	38.38	0.06587	0.0058
SO4 (mg/l)	14.5	0	38.96	24.8	2.13	1.11	7.38	1.94	13.01	0	57.9	25.4	7.64	0	38.96	12.59	0.01221	0.0042
Na (mg/l)	0.09	0.01	0.23	0.06	0.05	0.02	0.09	0.02	0.04	0	0.1	0.03	0.1	0.05	0.23	0.05	0.00004	0.00002
Mg (mg/l)	0.02	0.01	0.1	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.02	0	0.09	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.03	0.01	0.00004	0.00002
K (mg/l)	0.04	0.01	0.13	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.04	0.01	0.02	0	0.05	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.13	0.03	0.00002	0.00001
Ca (mg/l)	0.18	0.03	1.15	0.31	0.08	0.01	0.08	0.07	0.18	0	0.1	0.02	0.08	0.03	0.16	0.06	0.00021	0.00016
Si (mg/l)	0.12	0.04	0.23	0.08	0.07	0.01	0.12	0.05	0.08	0.01	0.21	0.05	0.12	0.04	0.14	0.08	0.02	0
Se (mg/l)	0.19	0	0.14	0.17	0.24	0.04	0.52	0.16	0.21	0	0.52	0.15	0.2	0	0.5	0.17	0.02	0
Fe (mg/l)	0.15	0.02	0.4	0.13	0.16	0.02	0.17	0.15	0.15	0	0.62	0.17	0.14	0	0.34	0.14	0.13	0.12
Mo(mg/l)	0.01	0	0.011	0.001	0.02	0.001	0.004	0.01	0.02	0	0.004	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.11	0.003	0	0
Sr (mg/l)	0.03	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.04	0.01	0.02	0	0.05	0.01	0.03	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.22	0
As (mg/l)	0.87	0.23	2.07	0.49	0.37	0.02	0.44	0.37	0.73	0	3.14	0.94	0.6	0.25	0.94	0.25	0	0
Co (mg/l)	0.02	0	0.04	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.04	0.01	0.01	0	0.04	0.01	0.02	0	0.03	0.01	0.01	0
Ni (mg/l)	0.01	0	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.01	0	0	0.01	0.01	0	0.02	0.01	0.02	0
Zn (mg/l)	0.05	0.02	0.21	0.05	0.04	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.04	0	0.11	0.03	0.03	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.057	0.05
Pb (mg/l)	0.42	0.12	1.28	0.38	0.12	0.01	0.12	0.11	0.15	0.07	0.41	0.1	0.44	0.02	1.28	0.39	0.053	0
Sb(mg/l)	0.005	0	0.02	0.005	0.004	0	0.01	0.03	0.003	0.0001	0.04	0.12	0.003	0.001	0.06	0.001	0	0
Ag (mg/l)	0.07	0	0.11	0.09	0.03	0.01	0.07	0.03	0.07	0.01	0.82	0.18	0.05	0	0.14	0.04	0	0
Cd (mg/l)	0.24	0.02	0.31	0.23	0.03	0.01	0.09	0.01	0	0	0	0	0.23	0.02	0.81	0.24	0	0
Mn (mg/l)	0	0	0	0	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0	0	0	0	0.01	0	0.01	0.01	0	0
Cu (mg/l)	0.03	0.01	0.81	0.02	0.03	0.01	0.04	0.01	0.02	0	0.02	0.01	0.04	0.02	0.12	0.05	0.03	0.01
Cr (mg/l)	0.34	0.01	0.36	0.75	0.36	0.02	1.02	0.01	0.04	0.01	0.03	0.1	0.01	0	0.04	0.02	0.03667	0.01

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ISSN: 1467-4866

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